Abstract: In order to carry out the practical application of wire drawing using ultrasonic vibration,in consideration of different effects caused by different types of ultrasonic vibration,a set of experimental system for wire drawing with orthogonal composite ultrasonic vibration was designed and built,which was composed of an ultrasonic power,an ultrasonic vibrating system,a die and a drawing machine,etc.The operating mechanism of wire drawing using ultrasonic was analyzed by simulation through the finite element method.Through a series of drawing experiments of brass wires,the effects of longitudinal,radial and orthogonal composite ultrasonic vibration on the drawing force and surface quality of wires were discussed during actual wire drawing process.The experimental result shows that when the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is enough,the action effect of orthogonal composite ultrasonic vibration is the best,and it can effectively prolong the tensile-regulation cycle of wire drawing machines more than three times.Ultrasonic vibration can reduce uneven deformation of wires and make the drawing tend to be more stable.When the drawing speed is 980 mm·s^-1,the reduction in drawing force caused by ultrasonic vibration is about 30% and the surface quality is improved.